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A dry November
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     With the dominance of the dry northeast monsoon over southern China for most of the month, the weather in November 2025 was much drier than usual in Hong Kong. The monthly mean relative humidity of 60 per cent was 12 per cent below the normal of 72 per cent and one of the fourth lowest on record for November. The total rainfall for the month was 7.0 millimetres, only about 18 per cent of the normal of 39.3 millimetres. The accumulated rainfall this year up to November was 2 552.2 millimetres, about 6 per cent above the normal of 2 402.4 millimetres for the same period. The monthly mean temperature of 22.3 degrees was near the normal of 22.2 degrees. Mainly attributed to the exceptionally hot weather in September and October, the autumn of the year from September to November was much warmer than usual. The autumn mean minimum temperature of 24.4 degrees, mean temperature of 26.3 degrees and mean maximum temperature of 28.9 degrees were respectively one of the second highest, the third highest and one of the fourth highest on record for the same period.    
 
     Under the influence of the northeast monsoon, it was dry with sunny intervals on the first two days of the month. With a band of clouds covering southern China, local weather turned cloudy with one or two light rain patches on November 3 and 4. While there were sunny periods on November 5 and 6, gloomy and rainy weather returned on November 7 with a band of clouds covering southern China. As an anticyclone aloft strengthened gradually, the weather turned generally fine during the day on November 8 and remained so in the following two days. With plenty of sunshine, the temperature at the Observatory rose to a maximum of 28.9 degrees on November 9, the highest of the month.
 
     Additionally, the tropical depression to the south of Guam intensified into a tropical storm on the morning of November 6 and was named Fung-wong. Fung-wong continued to move generally northwestwards and intensified progressively into a super typhoon in the following three days. It moved across Luzon on the morning of November 10 and weakened into a typhoon. Fung-wong turned to move northwards over the northeastern part of the South China Sea on November 11 and weakened gradually under the influence of the northeast monsoon. It skirted the southern part of Taiwan the next night and weakened into an area of low pressure with frontal characteristics.
 
     Under the combined effect of Fung-wong and the northeast monsoon, local winds occasionally reached strong force offshore and on high ground on November 10 and 11. The outer rainbands of Fung-wong brought a few light rain patches on November 11. There was also minor flooding over some low-lying areas during the high tide on the night of November 10 and the early morning of November 11. Dominated by a dry northeast monsoon, apart from the cloudier weather with a few rain patches on November 13 and the next morning, the weather in Hong Kong was generally fine and dry from November 12 to 17.
 
     A cold front reached the coast of southern China on the early morning of November 18. Under the influence of the associated intense northeast monsoon, the weather became appreciably cooler and windy during the day and the next day. The temperature at the Observatory dropped to a minimum of 13.2 degrees on the morning of November 19, the lowest of the month. The weather remained very dry in the following three days. The relative humidity over most parts of the territory stayed below 40 per cent on November 20 and 21. With the band of clouds thinning out, cloudy weather on November 19 and 20 turned generally fine during the day on November 21 and remained so in the following three days.
 
     A strong replenishment of the northeast monsoon reached the coast of southern China on November 25. The weather was generally fine and very dry on November 25 and 26. With another replenishment reaching the coastal areas of Guangdong, the weather remained generally fine and very dry on November 27 and the next two days. The relative humidity at the Observatory once fell to 16 per cent on November 27, equalling the lowest on record in November since the establishment of the automatic weather station at the Observatory's Headquarters in 1984. With a band of clouds covering southern China on the last day of the month, while the weather remained dry locally, it was mainly cloudy with one or two light rain patches at night.
 
     Four tropical cyclones occurred over the South China Sea and the western North Pacific in November 2025.
 
     Details of issuance and cancellation of various warnings/signals in the month are summarised in Table 1. Monthly meteorological figures and departures from normal for November are tabulated in Table 2.
 
Ends/Tuesday, December 2, 2025
Issued at HKT 16:00
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