| Exhibit, "Model of Tunnel Boring Machine".
A tunnel boring machine (TBM) is tailor made for different ground conditions. Capable of boring through hard rock, soft soil and slurry, it advances and builds the passage to eliminate the need for above-ground construction work, minimising the impact on traffic and the environment as well as tunnel excavation accidents. The TBM is normally used once only; it will be dismantled upon work completion. The TBM is given a female name before construction commences for easy identification. Past names included "Mulan", "Mu Guiying", "Xiaolongnu" and "Dae Jang Geum". This TBM is named "Oshin" and has a length of 170 metres and a diameter of 8 metres. Its operation is highly automated. It was used in the Hong Kong West Drainage Tunnel project.
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