Self-help Tips for the Elderly

Social Isolation

Introduction

The care and support among individuals in a community is essential for everyone. Due to different reasons, some elders may become socially isolated. Studies show that prolonged social isolation will result in a lack of support both physically and mentally. This may include exaggerated reactions to physical illnesses or pain, or a decrease in the ability to adapt to changes in life. In the severe case, the elder becomes depressed, and may even have suicidal ideation or behaviour. What are the factors that predispose to social isolation?

Predisposing Factors

A. Health factors

Certain diseases, such as degenerative joint diseases, stroke, Parkinson's disease and heart diseases, which may lead to impairment in the mobility of elders, can result in decreased social activities and social isolation.

B. Personal factors

Introverted elders may not have the interest in joining social activities. Financial difficulties may lead to avoidance of social activities in order to minimize living expenses. Furthermore, elders on Comprehensive Social Security Assistance may reduce their contact with others due to a feeling of inferiority.

C. Family factors

Elders may isolate themselves due to bereavement of spouse's death. Nowadays, the contact between elders and their adult children tends to decrease, as most adult children move out from their parent's homes, and are busy with their own lives. Moreover, elders may feel ashamed if they have children addicted to drugs, suffering from mental illness, or in debt; and hence will stay away from others.

D. Environmental factors

Moving to housing for senior citizens, residential care homes or to a different district, may reduce the opportunity of contact with family, friends and former neighbours.

Prevention

A. Keep In Touch with Friends and Relatives

Instead of passively waiting, take the initiative to contact relatives, friends, and previous neighbours for mutual support. Elders can also chat with friends and relatives by means of phone calls if they need to stay at home. If there is worry about disturbing others, simply ask for the most convenient time for calling. Make phone calls to adult children while they are free (e.g. nighttime or weekends), avoiding times when they are busy (e.g. lunchtime or office hours).

B. Join Activities of Social Centres

Joining activities arranged by nearby social centers is a good means of expanding the social circle. These activities can facilitate elders to develop their interests and hobbies, and to meet new friends. During initial contact with new friends, do not be disappointed by the seemingly indifferent response of others at an early stage, as an initial period of adaptation is needed for understanding each other. Taking the initiative to break the ice is the best way to overcome obstacles in building up relationships with others.

C. Elders with Chronic Illnesses and Carers

lders with chronic illnesses can join patient self-help groups. Through the sharing of experience and feelings, it is easier to face illnesses in the company of other patients. Anxiety and loneliness can also be relieved. On the other hand, by simplifying or rearrangement of housework, or making use of respite services for the elders, carers can spare time to participate in social activities, which can help to reduce stress. Both elderly patients and carers can also learn appropriate stress management techniques, which can help to reduce the pressures arising from changes in life.

Conclusion

Different channels are available in the community to provide emotional support to elders when needed. If the first step is taken to seek help, improvement in mood can definitely be achieved.

Friends and Support are Vital

Isolation Makes Life Difficult

Keep in Touch with Others

Be Happy, be Healthy

Related topics 

Mental Health

Stress in the Elderly

Depression

Reference :

Resource Book on Psychosocial Health Promotion in the Elderly (Traditional Chinese Only)